|
''Clostridium perfringens'' (formerly known as ''C. welchii,'' or ''Bacillus welchii'') is a Gram-positive, rod-shaped, anaerobic, spore-forming pathogenic bacterium of the genus ''Clostridium''. ''C. perfringens'' is everpresent in nature and can be found as a normal component of decaying vegetation, marine sediment, the intestinal tract of humans and other vertebrates, insects, and soil. It has the shortest reported generation time of any organism at 6.3 minutes in thioglycollate medium.〔http://bionumbers.hms.harvard.edu//bionumber.aspx?id=105474&ver=1〕 ''C. perfringens'' is the third most common cause of food poisoning in the United Kingdom and the United States though it can sometimes be ingested and cause no harm. Infections due to ''C. perfringens'' show evidence of tissue necrosis, bacteremia, emphysematous cholecystitis, and gas gangrene, which is also known as clostridial myonecrosis. The toxin involved in gas gangrene is known as α-toxin, which inserts into the plasma membrane of cells, producing gaps in the membrane that disrupt normal cellular function. ''C. perfringens'' can participate in polymicrobial anaerobic infections. ''Clostridium perfringens ''is commonly encountered in infections as a component of the normal flora. In this case, its role in disease is minor. The action of ''C. perfringens'' on dead bodies is known to mortuary workers as tissue gas and can be halted only by embalming. == Motility == Although they lack flagella, ''C. perfringens'' bacteria are able to glide across surfaces because their bodies are lined with filaments from end-to-end. The hypermotile variants such as SM101, are often found arising on the edges of colonies on agar plates. Video microscopy of their gliding movement suggest that they form long, thin filaments that allow them to move rapidly like bacteria with flagella. Genome sequencing was used to identify the cause(s) of the hypermotile phenotype and their direct derivatives. In comparing them, strains SM124 and SM127, hypermotile derivatives of strains SM101 and SM102, respectively, contained 10 and 6 nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) relative to their parent strains. A mutation in cell division genes is the common feature of the hypermotile strains. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Clostridium perfringens」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|